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On March 14, 2023, EPA announced the proposed National Primary Drinking Water Regulation (NPDWR) for six PFAS including perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA, commonly known as GenX Chemicals), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), and perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS). The proposed PFAS NPDWR does not require any actions until it is finalized. EPA anticipates finalizing the regulation by the end of 2023. EPA expects that if fully implemented, the rule will prevent thousands of deaths and reduce tens of thousands of serious PFAS-attributable illnesses.

EPA requested public comment on the proposed regulation. The public comment period ended on May 30, 2023. The public docket can be accessed at www.regulations.gov under Docket ID: EPA-HQ-OW-2022-0114. 

EPA held an informational general overview webinar of the proposed PFAS NPDWR on March 16, 2023, and another informational webinar about the proposed PFAS NPDWR specifically for water utilities and the drinking water professional community on March 29, 2023. On May 4, 2023, EPA held a public hearing on the proposed PFAS NPDWR.

• March 29, 2023 Technical Overview of the Proposed PFAS NPDWR
  • Technical Overview Webinar Presentation: Proposed PFAS NPDWR (pdf) (1.62 MB)
  • Descripción Técnica Presentación del Seminario Virtual: Propuesta de Regulación Primaria Nacional de PFAS para Agua Potable (pdf) (1.17 MB, March 2023)
  • Webinar Recording: Technical Overview of Proposed PFAS NPDWR
  • Grabación del Seminario Web: Descripción Técnica de la Propuesta de Regulación Primaria Nacional de PFAS para Agua Potable (subtítulos en Español)
• March 16, 2023 General Overview Webinar on the Proposed PFAS NPDWR
  • General Overview Webinar Presentation: Proposed PFAS NPDWR (pdf) (861.12 KB, March 2023)
  • Descripción General Presentación del Seminario Virtual: Propuesta de Regulación Primaria Nacional de PFAS para Agua Potable  (pdf) (861.16 KB, March 2023)
  • Webinar Recording: General Overview of Proposed PFAS NPDWR
  • Grabación del Seminario Web: Descripción General de la Propuesta de Regulación Primaria Nacional de PFAS para Agua Potable (subtítulos en Español)
• May 4, 2023 Public Hearing on the Proposed PFAS NPDWR
  • EPA Public Hearing Recording on Proposed PFAS NPDWR
  • Grabación del Audiencia Pública en Propuesta de Regulación Nacional Primaria de Agua Potable de PFAS
  • EPA Public Hearing Presentation on Proposed PFAS NPDWR (pdf) (841.24 KB)
  • EPA Audiencia Pública Presentación de Propuesta de Regulatión Primaria Nacional de PFAS para Agua Potable (pdf) (850.44 KB)
  • Public Hearing Agenda and Pre-Registered Speaker List (pdf) (130.67 KB)

EPA is proposing a National Primary Drinking Water Regulation (NPDWR) to establish legally enforceable levels, called Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs), for six PFAS in drinking water. PFOA and PFOS as individual contaminants, and PFHxS, PFNA, PFBS, and HFPO-DA (commonly referred to as GenX Chemicals) as a PFAS mixture. EPA is also proposing health-based, non-enforceable Maximum Contaminant Level Goals (MCLGs) for these six PFAS. 

Compound

Proposed MCLG

Proposed MCL (enforceable levels)

PFOA

Zero

4.0 parts per trillion (also expressed as ng/L)

PFOS

Zero

4.0 ppt

PFNA

1.0 (unitless)

Hazard Index

1.0 (unitless)

Hazard Index

PFHxS

PFBS

HFPO-DA (commonly referred to as GenX Chemicals)

The proposed rule would also require public water systems to:

• Monitor for these PFAS
• Notify the public of the levels of these PFAS
• Reduce the levels of these PFAS in drinking water if they exceed the proposed standards.

• Federal Register Notice: PFAS National Primary Drinking Water Regulation
• Fact Sheet: EPA's Proposal to Limit PFAS in Drinking Water (pdf) (240.95 KB, March 2023)
  • بيان الحقائق: مقترح وكالة حماية البيئة للحد من استخدام مواد الالكايلات المشبعة وعديدة الفلور في مياه الشرب (pdf) (326.76 KB, March 2023)
  • 常見問題: PFAS 國家主要飲用水法規》提案常見問答 (pdf) (502.88 KB, March 2023)
  • 常见问题: 拟议 PFAS 国家主要饮用水条例常见问题和解答 (pdf) (421.29 KB, March 2023)
  • HOJA INFORMATIVA: Propuesta de la EPA para limitar las PFAS en el agua potable (pdf) (251.25 KB, March 2023)
  • ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЙ БЮЛЛЕТЕНЬ: Предложение EPA об ограничении содержания PFAS в питьевой воде (pdf) (261.19 KB, March 2023)
  • Ang Mungkahi ng EPA na Limitahan ang PFAS sa Iniinom na Tubig (pdf) (225.06 KB, March 2023)
  • 팩트 시트: 식수 유입 PFAS를 제한하는 EPA 제안서 (pdf) (452.99 KB, March 2023)
  • Câu Hỏi Thường Gặp: Đề Xuất Quy Định Nước Uống Cơ Bản Quốc Gia PFAS Các Các Câu Hỏi và Đáp Thường Gặp (pdf) (377.21 KB, March 2023)
• Frequently Asked Questions and Answers: Proposed PFAS National Primary Drinking Water Regulation (pdf) (268.3 KB)
  • 제안된 PFAS 국가 1차 식수 규정에 관한 자주 묻는 질문과 답변 (pdf) (477.67 KB, March 2023)
• Frequently Asked Questions and Answers: Proposed PFAS National Primary Drinking Water Regulation FAQs for Drinking Water Primacy Agencies (pdf) (267.89 KB)
• Fact Sheet: Understanding the PFAS National Primary Drinking Water Proposal Hazard Index (pdf) (157.93 KB)
• Press Release: Biden-Harris Administration Proposes First Ever National Standard to Protect Communities from PFAS in Drinking Water
  • Chính Quyền Biden-Harris Đề Xuất Tiêu Chuẩn Quốc Gia Đầu Tiên để Bảo Vệ Cộng Đồng Khỏi PFAS trong Nước Uống (pdf) (200.05 KB, March 2023)
  • 바이든-해리스 정부에서 지역사회를 식수의 PFAS로부터 보호하기 위한 최초의 국가 기준 제안 (pdf) (218.12 KB)
  • Iminungkahi ng Biden-Harris Administration ang Kauna-unahang Pambansang Pamantayan para Protektahan ang Mga Komunidad mula sa PFAS sa Iniinom na Tubig (pdf) (129.07 KB)
• EPA PFAS Drinking Water Health Advisories
• All EPA Technical Support Documents and other supporting information for the Proposed PFAS NPDWR are available for viewing at www.regulations.gov under Docket ID: EPA-HQ-OW-2022-0114. 

Under the Safe Drinking Water Act, EPA has the authority to set enforceable National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWRs) for drinking water contaminants and require monitoring of public water systems. In March 2021, EPA published Regulatory Determinations for Contaminants on the Fourth Contaminant Candidate List which included a final determination to regulate PFOA and PFOS in drinking water. As a part of that final determination, EPA indicated it would also evaluate additional PFAS and consider regulatory actions to address groups of PFAS.

PFAS tend to co-occur with each other. This regulation will also remove many other PFAS when they co-occur with these six regulated PFAS. EPA is following recent peer-reviewed science that indicates that mixtures of PFAS can pose a health risk greater than each chemical on its own. Concurrent with the proposed PFAS NPDWR published on March 29, 2023, EPA also announced it is making preliminary regulatory determinations for PFNA, GenX Chemicals, PFHxS, and PFBS in accordance with the Safe Drinking Water Act regulatory development process. EPA proposes to regulate PFNA, GenX Chemicals, PFHxS, and PFBS using a Hazard Index formula

3https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2023-04/Fact%20Sheet_PFAS_NPWDR_Final_4.4.23.pdf .